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The number of representatives in the House for each state is determined by population as per the U.S. Census. This process is grounded in the principle of representation based on the populace, ensuring that states with larger populations have a greater number of representatives in Congress, reflecting their greater number of constituents. The U.S. Constitution mandates a decennial census to count the population, and the results dictate how many representatives each state will have. This system aims to provide equitable representation in the House and is a key feature of the legislative structure established by the framers to balance interests among states of varying sizes and populations.

The other options do not align with the established method of representation. Equal distribution among states would undermine the principle of representation based on population, while the number of senators—two per state—has no bearing on the allocation of House seats. Additionally, state financial contributions have no role in determining representation and would create a system skewed by economic disparity rather than democratic principles.